Frequency of Duration Ratios

Frequency of Different Duration Ratios

Just as composers use some intervals more than others, they employ some duration ratios (the length of the first note divided into the length of the second note) frequently and some hardly at all.  The following figure shows visually how frequently-used duration ratios stack up against infrequently-used duration ratios in the Skiptune database when it had 82,000 tunes and a total of 486 different duration ratios for two-note patterns:

Figure 1–Accumulated Percent of Duration Ratios

Figure 1  plots the accumulated percent of the number of times duration ratios are used in all tunes (counting each duration ratio instance as many times as it’s used in a tune).  The sharply increasing blue line reaches around 99 percent by the time we’ve plotted the 25 most frequently used duration ratios.  It is rather clear from this chart that composers rely heavily on a couple dozen duration ratios, spicing it up a bit with less frequently used duration ratios.  The dashed line and “Rarely Used Patterns” is discussed on our Surprisingly Rare Patterns page.

Now let’s examine those 25 most common duration ratios.  Following is a table of all the duration ratios used in all the tunes in the database.  Each row in the following table shows the duration ratio in musical notation, the number of tunes in which it’s found, the percent of tunes in which it’s found, the number of instances of that duration ratio (including repeated uses within the same tune), those repeated instances as a percent of all repeated instances, and finally the accumulated percent of repeated instances.

When the table first loads on your screen, it is ranked by the column labeled “# Instances” in descending order, but you can change the ranking using the arrows in the column headers.  Only 25 duration ratios are shown at a time but you can click “Next” at the bottom-right of the table to see subsequent duration ratios, though without the musical notation.  You can also search for a particular duration ratio to see where it’s ranked (as an example, type “16.0” without the quotes in the search bar to see how many times the second note is 16 times longer in duration than the note that precedes it).

Table of Duration Ratios, Most Common to Least

RankdurR#TunesTunes%#InstancesInstances%%Accum
11.08108298.9274015657.5857.58
22.07471891.150719510.6668.23
30.57278388.84545369.5577.79
40.3335752570.22949276.283.98
53.04795258.51746543.6787.65
64.03974048.51037302.1889.83
71.53626644.2989592.0891.91
80.252909935.5647621.3693.27
90.751596819.5389060.8294.09
100.6671590519.4347860.7394.82
116.01875222.9343560.7295.54
120.1671635119.9308560.6596.19
130.21474718.0282370.5996.78
145.01039212.7199940.4297.2
158.01064613.0172400.3697.57
160.14369488.5110820.2397.8
171.33348115.993090.298.0
182.540965.066830.1498.14
190.12543975.465450.1498.27
200.37536244.464270.1498.41
217.036574.560610.1398.54
2212.035534.350380.1198.64
230.130103.742900.0998.73
240.11124112.938500.0898.81
250.424162.938350.0898.89
264.520842.531950.0798.96
279.019742.430280.0699.02
2810.020692.529300.0699.09
292.2512911.626870.0699.14
301.66713991.724210.0599.19
313.516792.022450.0599.24
320.615781.920140.0499.28
330.09112441.520020.0499.32
3416.015181.919290.0499.37
350.08311901.516650.0499.4
362.6679791.213750.0399.43
371.259451.213480.0399.46
380.28610051.213300.0399.49
391.757450.912670.0399.51
400.2227811.011540.0299.54
4111.06570.810370.0299.56
420.0717770.99790.0299.58
4314.06840.88380.0299.6
440.86130.78250.0299.61
450.0675330.76630.0199.63
467.54560.65840.0199.64
470.0773990.55370.0199.65
480.33770.55340.0199.66
492.3333710.55250.0199.67
505.53760.55030.0199.68
510.1883660.45030.0199.69
5213.03720.54690.0199.7
5315.03450.44460.0199.71
540.0623530.44220.0199.72
550.8332870.34150.0199.73
560.8752290.34030.0199.74
570.5712770.33920.0199.75
580.4442940.43840.0199.76
5924.02890.43670.0199.76
600.1332650.33610.0199.77
610.1822390.33460.0199.78
626.52450.33190.0199.79
632.752240.33030.0199.79
640.4292160.32910.0199.8
650.152000.22630.0199.8
6620.02040.22590.0199.81
6718.02120.32540.0199.81
683.3331930.22540.0199.82
690.2312030.22310.099.82
701.21780.22270.099.83
710.1541800.22220.099.83
720.6251640.22220.099.84
735.3331670.22100.099.84
740.2141600.22080.099.85
754.6671580.21980.099.85
7610.51760.22000.099.86
771.1671360.21720.099.86
783.751250.21560.099.86
793.251110.11520.099.87
801.61120.11510.099.87
814.3331160.11500.099.87
8232.01330.21460.099.88
833.6671090.11430.099.88
840.0561090.11370.099.88
850.273980.11260.099.88
860.267910.11240.099.89
870.0591030.11170.099.89
880.048890.11180.099.89
891.4880.11150.099.89
900.714920.11130.099.9
910.053730.11120.099.9
920.857870.11120.099.9
930.778920.11120.099.9
948.5900.11080.099.91
9517.0960.11090.099.91
960.889870.11080.099.91
9728.0870.11050.099.91
981.125810.11000.099.91
990.308810.1930.099.92
1001.375690.1910.099.92
1010.05770.1860.099.92
10221.0640.1840.099.92
1030.118600.1840.099.92
1040.045700.1870.099.93
1050.583630.1760.099.93
1060.438320.0750.099.93
1075.25580.1780.099.93
10822.0640.1760.099.93
1090.107680.1710.099.93
1100.042490.1670.099.93
1115.667480.1670.099.94
1121.143510.1680.099.94
1130.095480.1620.099.94
1142.4520.1640.099.94
11519.0430.1550.099.94
1160.556520.1580.099.94
1171.8500.1580.099.94
11830.0440.1510.099.95
1190.033340.0510.099.95
1200.545520.1540.099.95
1210.036400.0500.099.95
1229.333410.1510.099.95
1230.917290.0530.099.95
1240.148340.0520.099.95
1258.25350.0430.099.95
1260.364380.0450.099.95
1271.833330.0450.099.95
1286.75360.0450.099.96
1290.043300.0390.099.96
1304.75250.0380.099.96
1316.667330.0370.099.96
1321.875190.0330.099.96
1330.037290.0310.099.96
13426.0320.0340.099.96
1350.19260.0340.099.96
13613.5300.0350.099.96
1379.5250.0310.099.96
1380.176270.0310.099.96
13927.0260.0290.099.96
1400.031140.0280.099.96
1410.417250.0290.099.96
1422.2280.0300.099.96
14323.0210.0290.099.97
1440.103160.0270.099.97
14536.0220.0230.099.97
1460.105140.0220.099.97
14740.0180.0220.099.97
1482.625140.0170.099.97
1490.038160.0170.099.97
1501.625160.0200.099.97
1510.235160.0190.099.97
1527.333150.0170.099.97
1530.029160.0210.099.97
15412.5190.0210.099.97
1554.25190.0200.099.97
1560.115140.0170.099.97
1570.211180.0210.099.97
1581.111180.0180.099.97
1590.455180.0200.099.97
1606.333150.0180.099.97
1610.263180.0180.099.97
1620.136100.0190.099.97
16325.0100.0120.099.97
1641.286130.0130.099.97
1652.167140.0150.099.97
1663.167130.0140.099.97
1670.312120.0150.099.98
16816.5130.0140.099.98
1690.12120.0150.099.98
1700.03100.0120.099.98
1710.04150.0160.099.98
1723.37560.0120.099.98
1732.8120.0130.099.98
1740.7120.0140.099.98
1750.12990.0120.099.98
1760.094130.0150.099.98
1770.321110.0140.099.98
1780.643100.0140.099.98
1796.25120.0140.099.98
1800.533120.0140.099.98
1819.75110.0140.099.98
18229.0120.0140.099.98
1830.688110.0130.099.98
1848.33390.0150.099.98
1850.385120.0120.099.98
18648.0150.0150.099.98
1870.412100.0100.099.98
18835.060.090.099.98
18911.580.090.099.98
1900.02680.080.099.98
19164.0110.0110.099.98
1928.667100.0100.099.98
1930.357100.0100.099.98
1941.55670.080.099.98
1950.980.090.099.98
1964.12580.080.099.98
1970.4580.090.099.98
1981.57180.080.099.98
1990.28110.0110.099.98
2000.38190.0110.099.98
20119.5100.0100.099.98
2020.56370.0100.099.98
2030.08780.0100.099.98
2040.3550.080.099.98
20545.050.0100.099.98
2060.46270.090.099.98
2070.06180.0110.099.98
2081.42990.090.099.99
2090.12160.080.099.99
21031.090.090.099.99
2110.72760.080.099.99
2120.72210.080.099.99
2131.71470.080.099.99
2140.1640.080.099.99
2150.17380.0100.099.99
21638.080.080.099.99
21713.33380.0110.099.99
2180.56290.0100.099.99
21914.66740.090.099.99
2203.280.080.099.99
2211.77880.090.099.99
2225.7530.030.099.99
2230.02160.070.099.99
2240.01730.040.099.99
2250.01930.030.099.99
2260.01840.040.099.99
22756.060.060.099.99
22860.060.070.099.99
2291.22270.070.099.99
2302.42930.030.099.99
2312.660.060.099.99
23222.66710.030.099.99
2332.28630.040.099.99
2342.12530.030.099.99
23534.040.040.099.99
23610.33350.060.099.99
2370.63640.040.099.99
2381.85730.030.099.99
23917.550.050.099.99
2400.45830.030.099.99
2417.66730.040.099.99
2421.150.070.099.99
2432.11130.040.099.99
2440.31630.030.099.99
2453.44430.050.099.99
2460.18730.030.099.99
2470.02240.040.099.99
2484.57130.050.099.99
2490.17530.030.099.99
2500.06840.040.099.99
2512.83360.060.099.99
2520.27860.060.099.99
2530.76920.030.099.99
2549.66720.030.099.99
2550.06540.040.099.99
2560.0840.060.099.99
25737.050.050.099.99
2580.02740.050.099.99
2590.15850.050.099.99
2602.37560.060.099.99
2610.61550.060.099.99
26210.66760.060.099.99
2631.44430.030.099.99
2641.06730.030.099.99
2650.07940.040.099.99
2660.03440.050.099.99
2677.2540.050.099.99
2680.06930.040.099.99
2691.07120.070.099.99
2702.22240.040.099.99
27112.2550.050.099.99
27222.560.060.099.99
2730.03240.060.099.99
2740.35350.050.099.99
2754.240.070.099.99
27614.530.030.099.99
2770.38930.030.099.99
2783.660.070.099.99
2794.37530.030.099.99
28011.2530.040.099.99
2810.31830.030.099.99
2820.23830.030.099.99
2830.07460.070.099.99
28433.060.060.099.99
2850.22740.050.099.99
2861.18850.050.099.99
2873.11140.040.099.99
28842.060.070.099.99
2890.29250.050.099.99
2900.69220.030.099.99
2910.08830.030.099.99
2920.93830.030.099.99
2930.07530.040.0100.0
2940.08630.030.0100.0
2954.16730.030.0100.0
2960.53850.060.0100.0
2971.09150.050.0100.0
29841.030.030.0100.0
29944.030.030.0100.0
30017.66720.070.0100.0
3010.15120.070.0100.0
3020.20840.040.0100.0
3032.87540.050.0100.0
30411.33340.050.0100.0
3056.850.050.0100.0
3060.22930.060.0100.0
3070.05130.030.0100.0
3081.15440.040.0100.0
3096.92310.010.0100.0
31013.45810.010.0100.0
3113.810.020.0100.0
3120.38210.010.0100.0
3131.13610.010.0100.0
3140.01620.020.0100.0
3150.24220.020.0100.0
3161.41710.010.0100.0
31716.33310.010.0100.0
3181.710.010.0100.0
31921.33310.010.0100.0
32018.03610.010.0100.0
32118.66720.020.0100.0
3220.94120.020.0100.0
3230.19210.010.0100.0
3240.25710.010.0100.0
3250.02520.020.0100.0
3262.43810.010.0100.0
3270.29610.010.0100.0
32834.510.010.0100.0
3290.00910.010.0100.0
3300.81220.020.0100.0
3310.21220.020.0100.0
33218.520.020.0100.0
3333.14310.010.0100.0
3340.90920.020.0100.0
3352.13320.020.0100.0
3361.31210.010.0100.0
3371.58310.020.0100.0
3380.55210.020.0100.0
3390.3620.020.0100.0
34080.010.010.0100.0
3410.13820.020.0100.0
3420.29410.010.0100.0
3432.55610.010.0100.0
3440.42120.020.0100.0
3452.06220.020.0100.0
3460.86710.010.0100.0
34772.020.020.0100.0
3483.83310.010.0100.0
3490.6310.010.0100.0
3500.30310.010.0100.0
35151.020.020.0100.0
3521.320.020.0100.0
3531.06210.010.0100.0
3542.08310.010.0100.0
3558.57110.010.0100.0
3566.420.020.0100.0
3570.04710.010.0100.0
3580.1320.020.0100.0
3590.23310.010.0100.0
3601.31310.010.0100.0
36112.85710.010.0100.0
3620.02420.020.0100.0
3630.72910.010.0100.0
36426.510.010.0100.0
3656.210.010.0100.0
3661.91710.010.0100.0
3671.36410.020.0100.0
3680.21920.020.0100.0
3691.29510.010.0100.0
3701.910.010.0100.0
3710.51920.020.0100.0
3720.17410.020.0100.0
3735.16710.010.0100.0
37457.010.010.0100.0
37584.010.010.0100.0
37652.010.010.0100.0
37743.010.010.0100.0
3780.0720.020.0100.0
3790.16210.010.0100.0
3806.16720.020.0100.0
3810.13520.020.0100.0
38214.2510.010.0100.0
3830.12310.010.0100.0
3841.23110.010.0100.0
38515.520.020.0100.0
3863.410.010.0100.0
3870.3220.020.0100.0
3888.7510.010.0100.0
3893.42910.010.0100.0
39010.7520.020.0100.0
3910.64720.020.0100.0
3922.44410.010.0100.0
3932.15410.010.0100.0
3940.34610.010.0100.0
3950.16110.010.0100.0
39663.020.020.0100.0
3970.02820.020.0100.0
3984.820.020.0100.0
3990.05810.010.0100.0
40011.610.010.0100.0
40125.510.010.0100.0
4029.2520.020.0100.0
4030.08120.020.0100.0
4040.22510.010.0100.0
4050.01410.010.0100.0
4060.0210.010.0100.0
4070.36810.010.0100.0
4080.89710.010.0100.0
4090.34810.010.0100.0
4102.03610.010.0100.0
4113.310.010.0100.0
4123.28610.010.0100.0
4131.73310.010.0100.0
4140.90510.010.0100.0
41531.510.010.0100.0
41610.810.010.0100.0
41713.7510.010.0100.0
4180.84210.010.0100.0
4190.15710.010.0100.0
42018.7520.020.0100.0
4210.04410.010.0100.0
4220.47110.010.0100.0
42312.66710.010.0100.0
4240.17110.010.0100.0
42537.510.010.0100.0
4267.7510.020.0100.0
4270.56710.010.0100.0
4281.43820.020.0100.0
42968.010.010.0100.0
4301.90920.020.0100.0
4313.87510.010.0100.0
4320.70610.010.0100.0
4330.39110.010.0100.0
4340.09710.010.0100.0
43512.33310.010.0100.0
4360.05420.020.0100.0
4371.81820.020.0100.0
4381.61510.010.0100.0
4390.92310.010.0100.0
4402.57110.010.0100.0
4410.09310.010.0100.0
4420.09810.010.0100.0
4431.03710.010.0100.0
4442.88920.020.0100.0
4450.12810.010.0100.0
4460.25910.010.0100.0
4470.93320.020.0100.0
44811.42910.010.0100.0
44996.010.010.0100.0
4503.85710.010.0100.0
45120.2510.010.0100.0
4525.62510.010.0100.0
4530.53610.010.0100.0
4544.87510.010.0100.0
4552.46210.010.0100.0
45650.010.010.0100.0
4570.2410.010.0100.0
45810.14310.010.0100.0
4591.3520.020.0100.0
4602.85720.020.0100.0
4610.58810.020.0100.0
46213.16710.010.0100.0
46346.010.010.0100.0
4645.37510.010.0100.0
46510.12510.010.0100.0
4667.16710.010.0100.0
4670.95510.010.0100.0
4680.54210.010.0100.0
4690.43710.010.0100.0
4703.55610.010.0100.0
4711.08320.020.0100.0
4720.84610.020.0100.0
47339.010.010.0100.0
4741.46710.010.0100.0
47527.510.010.0100.0
4760.71810.020.0100.0
4770.04910.010.0100.0
4780.52420.020.0100.0
4790.47610.010.0100.0
4801.30810.010.0100.0
4813.88910.010.0100.0
48211.66710.010.0100.0
48316.66710.010.0100.0
4840.0610.010.0100.0
4857.220.020.0100.0
4864.44410.010.0100.0

Here’s how one reads this table.  The left column is the rank.  For instance, a duration ratio of 1.0 (any pair of notes with the same length or duration) is the most common duration ratio.  Moving left to right, we see that it appears in 80,082 tunes, which is 98.9 percent of the number of the 82,000 tunes in the database.  There are 2,740,156 instances of this duration ratio, making up 57.58 percent of all duration ratios instances The final column on the right is the accumulate percent of instances.

Notice that the first six duration ratios make up 90 percent of all duration ratios in the entire database (see the rightmost column).  Ten duration ratios are used roughly 95 percent of the time.  That means that on average 95 percent of a random tune is made up entirely of a subset of these first ten duration ratios.  Adding another seven duration ratios for a total of 17 covers 98% of a random tune’s duration ratios.  At this point diminishing returns set in.  There are several hundred more duration ratios, each used with less and less frequency by composers.  By the time we reach 25 duration ratios, we have accounted for nearly 99 percent of all duration ratios used.

Observe that a duration ratio sometimes appears either before or after the reciprocal of that same duration ratio.  For instance, rows #2 and #3 contain duration ratios of 2.0 and 0.5, each a reciprocal of the other.  The same is true for rows #4 and #5 (0.333 and 3.0), and for rows #13 and #14 (0.2 and 5.0).  This observation is not too surprising, although one wonders why it doesn’t hold true more generally, and why the other duration ratios in the table do not share this feature.

Finally, notice that the ranking changes if you sort the table according to the number of tunes they’re found in.  You can see for yourself by clicking twice on the heading over the “# Tunes” column so that column is sorted in descending order.  Doing so will result in the left-most column being slightly different.  For instance, the 0.75 duration ratio, which was ranked ninth, moves down in the list (though the label still reads “9”).  This observation suggests that once composers decide to use the 0.75 duration ratio, they tend to use it multiple times in the same tune, and at a rate higher than that of other duration ratios.

Surprisingly Rare Duration Ratios

At the other end of the spectrum are duration ratios that are very rarely used, some only one time in the entire database.   But some rarely-used duration ratios just don’t look as though they should be used so infrequently, and these are the ones we are calling “surprisingly rare.”  The area of rare but common-looking duration ratios is so rich that we’ve devoted several pages to the topic, which you can access here.